Elephant compound Basel Zoo
Basel, Switzerland
Project and realisation 2013-2017
Basel, Switzerland
Project and realisation 2013-2017
Basel Zoo, Switzerland
Peter Stiner, Architekt ETH/SIA/BSA, Basel, Switzerland
Studio Vulkan, Zurich, Switzerland
Taylan Beyaşahin, Jörg Brändlin, Heike Egli-Erhart, Flavia Hofmeier, Conor Murphy, Noor Musawi, Helmuth Pauli, Andreas Zachmann
Basel Zoo's new elephant compound “Tembea” opened in March 2017. The compound is based on the latest findings pertaining to elephant-keeping. With around 5,000 m², the animals now have much more space at their disposal. The public can observe the elephants in the free-range hall and in the savannah landscape, which is designed to closely resemble nature. The building encompasses the stalls, the care area, the visitor level and the hay store at street level.
Thanks to the elephant house's new location at the edge of the zoo, it was possible to build three spacious outdoor enclosures, which were given different ground substrates. The connections between the enclosures can be varied, so that walking routes change. Rocks, tree islands, dead trees, wallows, bathing pools and automatic feeders (121 feeding points, 83 of which can be controlled by computer) provide for activity and exercise. Coinciding with the move to the new compound, the manner of keeping was changed: the “protected contact” system is now used, so the animals can live as naturally as possible in their own social structure. This also includes the daily training, during which there is always a barrier between the human being and the animal. Visitors can now watch the training indoors.
The elephant house not only accommodates African elephants, but also harvester ants, brown rats and several fish species. In the outdoor enclosures, guinea fowls are kept and possible nesting sites for white storks are provided. From the observation platform installed in front of the house, it is possible to see inside these high nesting places. In the hay store and on its walls, nesting sites for swallows and swifts are offered, as well as roosts for bats.
The new elephant house consists of double-skin exposed-concrete walls with core insulation. After a pattern was applied, the inner side was lined with horizontal scaffold boards and the dyed concrete was roughened with soft jets of water. The outer side was realised in scratched concrete. The concreting phases were coordinated with respect to the large openings and the inserted wall-heating units. The walls and ground are designed to cope with a trunk's pulling force of 60 kN up to a height of 5.0 m and an elephant's impact load of 100 kN. The V-shaped stall supports are made of reinforced concrete.
In total, the project cost around 28 million francs. It was financed entirely by donations.